Congress shall make no law
respecting an establishment of religion, or
prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging
the freedom of speech, or of the press, or the right
of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition
the Government for a redress of grievances.
II
A well-regulated militia, being necessary to the
security of a free State, the right of the people to
keep and bear arms, shall not be infringed.
III
No soldier shall, in time of peace be quartered in
any house, without the consent of the owner, nor in
time of war, but in a manner to be prescribed by
law.
IV
The right of the people to be secure in their
persons, houses, papers, and effects, against
unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be
violated, and no Warrants shall issue, but upon
probable cause, supported by oath or affirmation, and
particularly describing the place to be searched, and
the persons or things to be seized.
V
No person shall be held to answer for a capital, or
otherwise infamous crime, unless on a presentment or
indictment of a Grand Jury, except in cases arising in
the land or naval forces, or in the Militia, when in
actual service in time of War or public danger; nor
shall any person be subject for the same offense to be
twice put in jeopardy of life or limb; nor shall be
compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against
himself, nor be deprived of life, liberty, or
property, without due process of law; nor shall
private property be taken for public use without just
compensation.
VI
In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall
enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial, by an
impartial jury of the State and district wherein the
crime shall have been committed, which district shall
have been previously ascertained by law, and to be
informed of the nature and cause of the accusation; to
be confronted with the witnesses against him; to have
compulsory process for obtaining witnesses in his
favor, and to have the assistance of counsel for his
defense.
VII
In suits at common law, where the value in
controversy shall exceed twenty dollars, the right of
trial by jury shall be preserved, and no fact tried by
a jury shall be otherwise re-examined in any court of
the United States, than according to the rules of the
common law.
VIII
Excessive bail shall not be required nor excessive
fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments
inflicted.
IX
The enumeration in the Constitution, of certain
rights, shall not be construed to deny or disparage
others retained by the people.
X
The powers not delegated to the United States by
the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States,
are reserved to the States respectively, or to the
people.